The operation of hydraulic drives in low ambient temperatures, part I. The paper describes the components and hydraulic systems at low ambient temperatures, even under conditions of thermal shock. Acceptable start-up parameters of the selected devices have been determined. An interpretation of test results and the nature of the occurring phenomena have been presented.

Hydraulic drive systems for actuators with variable load of the piston rod. In this paper there is a short characteristic of hydraulic actuators presented. A review about different types of driving systems for actuators has been presented as well as advantages and disadvantages for all described solutions.

Analysis of hydraulic leg sensitivity to changes of gas accumulator technical parameters. Impact of technical parameters of gas accumulator on the leg response at set load was given on the example of FEM model of hydraulic leg with gas accumulator, verified experimentally. It was possible to prove advantages of the leg with gas accumulator installed.

Dynamic feature estimation of hydraulic components and systems. In the paper was presented the assessment of dynamic features of hydraulic components and systems. Using a dynamic model, at the designing stage, it is possible to select an optimal solution and parameters of hydraulic valves or even all hydraulic systems.